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How PDF file created / read? (Explained in class)

How image file transfers to others on WhatsApp? (explained in class)

I/O, short for Input/Output refers to the communication between your computer/program and the outside world (which could be a user, a file system, a network, or another system). Input is the data that is sent to the system, while output is the data that the system produces.

Stream

A stream is a sequence of data. It can be visualized as a continuous flow of data.

A program uses an input stream to read data from a source, one item at a time.

   

 

A program uses an output stream to write data to a destination, one item at time.

 

Java uses the concept of a stream to make I/O operation fast. The java.io package contains all the classes required for input and output operations.

I/O Stream

I/O (Input/Output) streams are fundamental concepts in programming that enable data transfer between different sources and destinations such as files, network connections, memory buffers, etc. An I/O Stream represents an input source or an output destination. A stream can represent many different kinds of sources and destinations, including disk files, devices, other programs, and memory arrays. Most modern programming languages, including Java, C++, and Python, provide built-in support for handling I/O streams.

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